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HIBROX

 Output characterisation
OUTPUT SENTENCE

Technology based on hybrid biotechnological process for the wastewater treatment with high content of ammonium

 
OUTPUT TYPEprototype 
WATER TOPICQuality of natural systems 
KEYWORDSQuality of natural systems, urban pollution, industrial pollution, Agricultural pollution, surface water, groundwater 
KEYWORDS TYPETechnology 
MARKET NEED TAILORED

Obligations of advanced treatment (eutrophic effect nutrient removal) derived from Government Decision 352/2005 and Directive 98/15/EC with the main objective of environmental protection against the side-effects caused by discharges of urban wastewater and some industrial wastewater.

The technology is useful for upgrading sewage treatment plants which have problems with removal of nitrogen compounds or insufficient capacity of the aeration system, by decreasing ammonium nitrogen load of the biological stage influent.

 
OUTPUT DESCRIPTION

There were constructed experimental models for conducting experiments of treatment for the ammonium high content wastewater streams, such those from urban sludge derived from dehydrating of anaerobically fermented ones (experimental model for the partial nitrification-SHARON, experimental model for the anaerobic oxidation of the ammonium-ANAMMOX). The experiments were undertaken on waters from the sludge dehydration facilities of Focsani and Pitesti treatment stations. ?Using these experimental models, there were performed partially aerobic biological oxidation experiments of the ammonium to nitrite, with and without automatic pH control, and anaerobic biological oxidation experiments of the ammonium at different retention times and specific loads in recommended areas of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen.

It was designed and developed a mathematical model of SHARON process kinetics by considering two substrata: ammonium and nitrite and two types of microorganisms that coexist in the reactor, microorganisms that oxidize ammonium, Nitrosomonas type, and microorganisms that oxidize nitrite, Nitrobacter type. The theoretical results were compared with experimental ones, resulting in a good correlation between them.

Biological sludge samples were analyzed in order to detect various types of microorganisms by PCR amplification 16S-rRNA gene biomerker in the case of ANAMMOX bacteria (eg, Brocade, Kuenenia and Scalindua) in anaerobic samples, and of some bacteria belonging to Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas. The results indicated the presence of bacterial species of interest for cases.

The proposed technology is based on the process of deammonification where, in a primary stage there are obtained by partial nitritification approximately equal quantities of N-NH4+ and N-NO¬2- and in the second stage these turn into nitrogen gas through an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction. Partial nitritification is performed in a bioreactor with Nitrosomonas sp. bacteria and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation is performed in a second bioreactor with Anammox bacteria by reactions:

  • Nitritificare: 2,34 NH4+ + 1,85 O2 + 2,66 HCO3- ® 0,024 C5H7NO2(Nitrosomonas) + NH4+ + 1,32 NO2- +2,54 CO2 + 3,94 H2O
  • Anammox: NH4+ + 1,32 NO2- + 0,066 CO2 + 0,066 H+ ®0,066 CH2O0,5N0,15 (ANAMMOX) + 1,02 N2 +0,26 NO3- + 1,96 H2O

In the experimental model, the achieved yields of transformation were:

  • N-NH4+ ? N-NO2-: 50 – 64 %, in condition of influent concentration of N-NH4+=105– 347 mg/L.
  • Ninfl. ? N2: 30 – 89%, in condition of influent concentration of: N-NH4+= 7.7– 90 mg/L, N-NO2-= 4.7– 92 mg/L.
 
STATE OF DEVELOPMENT

The small scale pilot (experimental model)

 
INNOVATIVE ASPECTS AND ADVANTAGES

The innovative character of technology consists in removing the ammonium from ammonium concentrated water streams originating from anaerobic fermentation of sludge dehydration facilities of municipal sewage treatment plants, of which contribution to nitrogen loading of their influence is estimated at 10-20% through the use of nitrite (NH4+ ®NH4+ + NO2- ®N2) who will save nearly 60% of oxygen and almost 100% of the consumption of carbon source and produce a quantity of sludge smaller by 40% compared with the classic nitrification-denitrification procedure (NH4+ ® NO2- ® NO3- ® N2) currently applied in Romania.

 
INTELLECTUAL/INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

IPR belong to the partners.

Project results can be available for users interested in promoting industrial pilot phase.

 
TRANSFERABILITY

Based on experimental model results obtained, in order to be transferred, the technology must go through the industrial pilot phase.

 
POTENTIAL USERS/CLIENTS

Water and sewerage operators, operators that generate industrial wastewater with high load of ammonium (hundreds of mg / L) and low organic loading.

 
 Estimation of risks
EVALUATION OF RISKS FOR OUTPUT USERS

For end-users (final beneficiaries) market risk are not relevant. The technology will not be transfer further.

Intermediate users (technology suppliers ) have to integrate the technology in larger wastewater process treatment.

ECONOMICAL RISKS?
TECHNICAL RISKSRisks cover the following aspects and make it necessary to go through pilot phase: ?- long duration of priming (~ 6 months) the phase of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (low speed of specific Anammox bacteria growing); ?- high sensitivity of bacteria to some
MARKET RISKSIntermediate users (technology suppliers ) have to compete with classical method which are more known.
 Steps ahead
NEXT STEPS TO ACHIEVE THE STATUS 'READY TO USE'

Completion of the industrial pilot phase

TYPE OF PARTNER FOR THE NEXT DEVELOPMENTSWater utilities and industrial operators (producers of fertilizers, explosives, livestock farms)
TASKS TO BE PERFORMED

Financing industrial pilot phase.

COLLABORATION DETAILS

Cooperation, technical assistance and financing agreement of the industrial pilot phase

 Estimation of ressources
RESOURCES FOR NEXT STEPS
  • Materials: industrial pilot phase and specific analysis equipment
  • Expertise: process monitoring, industrial plant project development and economic evaluation.
 Contact
TECHNICAL CONTACTEng. Ion Viorel Patroescu, PhD. eng. Costel Bumbac. 
COUNTRYROMANIA 
WEBSITEwww.incdecoind.ro 
WATER RTOM CONTACTCFPPDA 
 Background
PROJECT NAMEHybrid biotechnological process for the treatment of ammonium high content wastewater 
PROJECT ACRONYMHIBROX 
PROJECT DESCRIPTIONThere were constructed experimental models for conducting experiments of treatment for the ammonium high content wastewater streams, such those from urban sludge derived from dehydrating of anaerobically fermented ones (experimental model for the partial nitrification-SHARON, experimental model for the anaerobic oxidation of the ammonium-ANAMMOX). The experiments were undertaken on waters from the sludge dehydration facilities of Focsani and Pitesti treatment stations. ?Using these experimental models, there were performed partially aerobic biological oxidation experiments of the ammonium to nitrite, with and without automatic pH control, and anaerobic biological oxidation experiments of the ammonium at different retention times and specific loads in recommended areas of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen. ?It was designed and developed a mathematical model of SHARON process kinetics by considering two substrata: ammonium and nitrite and two types of microorganisms that coexist in the reactor, microorganisms that oxidize ammonium, Nitrosomonas type, and microorganisms that oxidize nitrite, Nitrobacter type. The theoretical results were compared with experimental ones, resulting in a good correlation between them. ?Biological sludge samples were analyzed in order to detect various types of microorganisms by PCR amplification 16S-rRNA gene biomerker in the case of ANAMMOX bacteria (eg, Brocade, Kuenenia and Scalindua) in anaerobic samples, and of some bacteria belonging to Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas. The results indicated the presence of bacterial species of interest for cases. ?The proposed technology is based on the process of deammonification where, in a primary stage there are obtained by partial nitritification approximately equal quantities of N-NH4+ and N-NO¬2- and in the second stage these turn into nitrogen gas through an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction. Partial nitritification is performed in a bioreactor with Nitrosomonas sp. bacteria and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation is performed in a second bioreactor with Anammox bacteria by reactions: ?Nitritificare: ?2,34 NH4+ + 1,85 O2 + 2,66 HCO3- ® 0,024 C5H7NO2(Nitrosomonas) + NH4+ + 1,32 NO2- +2,54 CO2 + 3,94 H2O ? ?Anammox: ?NH4+ + 1,32 NO2- + 0,066 CO2 + 0,066 H+ ®0,066 CH2O0,5N0,15 (ANAMMOX) + 1,02 N2 +0,26 NO3- + 1,96 H2O ?In the experimental model, the achieved yields of transformation were: ?N-NH4+ ? N-NO2-: 50 – 64 %, in condition of influent concentration of N-NH4+=105– 347 mg/L. ?Ninfl. ? N2: 30 – 89%, in condition of influent concentration of: N-NH4+= 7.7– 90 mg/L, N-NO2-= 4.7– 92 mg/L. 
LEADERNational Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-INCD ECOIND 
TEAMS INVOLVED National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-INCD ECOIND ?- University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest ?- Romanian Academy Institute of Biology - Bucharest ?- S.C. APA CANAL 2000 S.R.L. 
COUNTRIES INVOLVEDROMANIA 
PROJECT LOCATIONRO 
FUNDING ORGANISATIONCNMP - PNCDI II 

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